Finite — Indicators and Strategies

Finite Difference - Backward (mcbw_)In calculus there exists a 'derivative', which simply just measures the difference between two points on a curve. For well behaved mathematical functions there are infinitely many points and so there exists a derivative at every point. Where there are infinitely many points in a curve that curve is called 'continuous'. Continuous curves are very nice to deal with since each point on it exists almost exactly where its neighbors are. However, if the curve does not have infinitely many points on it, but instead has a finite number of points on it, that curve is called 'discrete' instead of continuous. Taking the derivative of discrete curves is much trickier business since there are none of the mathematical conveniences that a continuous offers. In the real world everything we measure is a discrete curve, including Price (since we measure it a finite number of times, aka each candlestick)! The branch of Discrete Mathematics has found an approach to measure the derivative along a discrete curve, that approach is aptly called " Finite Difference ". To get a more accurate approximation of a discrete derivative, the finite difference approach uses weighted combinations of neighboring points. The most common type of finite difference is a 'central' difference, this uses a combination of points before and after the point of interest to approximate the discrete derivative. This is great for historical analysis but is not of much use for trading algorithms since it technically means using future prices to calculate the derivative of the current point. Instead we can use a less common variant called a ' Backwards Difference ' that only uses a combination of points before the current one to help approximate the current derivative. In this script you can choose the " Order " of your derivative and the " Accuracy " of its approximation. This script is for educational purposes for folks building trading algorithms. Many trading algorithms often have an element of seeing how much Price has changed from the previous candle to the current candle. This approach is the lowest accuracy derivative possible, and using the backwards finite differences, made available for the first time on TradingView (!!), algorithms that use derivatives can now have higher orders of accuracy! Happy Trading/Developing!

Exotic SMA Explorations Treasure Trove This is my "Exotic SMA Explorations Treasure Trove" intended for educational purposes, yet these functions will also have utility in special applications with other algorithms. Firstly, the Pine built-in sma() is exceedingly more efficient computationally on TV servers than these functions will be. I just wanted to make that very crystal clear. My notes elaborate on this in the code blatantly. Anyhow, the simple moving average(SMA) is one of the most common averaging filters used in a wide variety of algorithms. "Simply put," it's name says a lot about it. The purpose of this script, is to demonstrate variations of it's calculation in a multitude of exotic forms. In certain scenarios our algorithms may require a specific mathemagical touch that is pertinent to our intended goals. Like screwdrivers, we often need different types depending on the objective we are trying to attain. The SMA also serves as the most basic of finite impulse response(FIR) algorithms. For example, things like weighted moving averages can be constructed by using the foundational code of SMA. One other intended demonstration of this script, is running multiple functions for comparison. I have had to use this from time to time for my own comparisons of performance. Also, imbedded into this code is a method to generically and recklessly in this case, adapt an algorithm. I will warn you, RSI was NEVER intended to adapt an algorithm. It only serves as a crude method to display the versatility of these different algorithms, whether it be a benefit or hinderance concerning dynamic adaptability. Lastly, this script shows the versatility of TV's NEW additions input(group=) and input(inline=) upgrades in action. The "Immense Power of Pine" is always evolving and will continue to do so, I assure you of that. We can now categorize our input()s without using the input(type=input.bool) hackTrick. Although, that still will have it's enduring versatility, at least for myself. NOTICE: You have absolute freedom to use this source code any way you see fit within your new Pine projects. You don't have to ask for my permission to reuse these functions in your published scripts, simply because I have better things to do than answer requests for the reuse of these functions. Sufficient accreditation regarding this script and compliance with "TV's House Rules" regarding code reuse, is as easy as copying the functions in their entirety as is. Fair enough? Good! When available time provides itself, I will consider your inquiries, thoughts, and concepts presented below in the comments section, should you have any questions or comments regarding this indicator. When my indicators achieve more prevalent use by TV members, I may implement more ideas when they present themselves as worthy additions. Have a profitable future everyone!

Combo Backtest 123 Reversal & Volatility Finite Volume Elements This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal. First strategy This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies. The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50. The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50. Second strategy This is another version of FVE indicator that we have posted earlier in this forum. This version has an important enhancement to the previous one that`s especially useful with intraday minute charts. Due to the volatility had not been taken into account to avoid the extra complication in the formula, the previous formula has some drawbacks: The main drawback is that the constant cutoff coefficient will overestimate price changes in minute charts and underestimate corresponding changes in weekly or monthly charts. And now the indicator uses adaptive cutoff coefficient which will adjust to all time frames automatically. WARNING: - For purpose educate only - This script to change bars colors.

Combo Backtest 123 Reversal & Finite Volume Elements (FVE) This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal. First strategy This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies. The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50. The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50. Second strategy The FVE is a pure volume indicator. Unlike most of the other indicators (except OBV), price change doesn?t come into the equation for the FVE (price is not multiplied by volume), but is only used to determine whether money is flowing in or out of the stock. This is contrary to the current trend in the design of modern money flow indicators. The author decided against a price-volume indicator for the following reasons: - A pure volume indicator has more power to contradict. - The number of buyers or sellers (which is assessed by volume) will be the same, regardless of the price fluctuation. - Price-volume indicators tend to spike excessively at breakouts or breakdowns. WARNING: - For purpose educate only - This script to change bars colors.

Combo Strategy 123 Reversal & Finite Volume Elements (FVE) This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal. First strategy This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies. The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50. The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50. Second strategy The FVE is a pure volume indicator. Unlike most of the other indicators (except OBV), price change doesn`t come into the equation for the FVE (price is not multiplied by volume), but is only used to determine whether money is flowing in or out of the stock. This is contrary to the current trend in the design of modern money flow indicators. The author decided against a price-volume indicator for the following reasons: - A pure volume indicator has more power to contradict. - The number of buyers or sellers (which is assessed by volume) will be the same, regardless of the price fluctuation. - Price-volume indicators tend to spike excessively at breakouts or breakdowns. WARNING: - For purpose educate only - This script to change bars colors.

FVE - Finite Volume Elements [UTS]FVE is a money flow indicator but with two important differences from existing money flow indicators: It resolves contradictions between intraday money flow indicators (such as Chaikin’s money flow) and interday money flow indicators (like On Balance Volume) by taking into account both intra- and interday price action. Unlike other money flow indicators which add or subtract all volume even if the security closed just 1 cent higher than the previous close, FVE uses a volatility threshold to take into account minimal price changes. General Usage The FVE provides 3 types of signals: The strongest signal is divergence between price and the indicator. Divergence can provide leading signals of breakouts or warnings of impending corrections. The classic method for detecting divergence is for FVE to make lower highs while price makes higher highs (negative divergence). An alternative method is to draw the linear regression line on both charts, and compare the slopes. A logical buy signal would be for FVE, diverging from price, to rise sharply and make a series higher highs and/or higher lows. The most obvious and coincident signal is the slope of the FVE line. An upward slope indicates that the bulls are in control and the opposite for downward. This is a unique and very important property of this indicator. Values above zero are bullish and indicate accumulation while values below zero indicate distribution. FVE crossing the zero line indicates that the short to intermediate balance of power is changing from the bulls to the bears or vice versa. The best scenario is when a stock is in the process of building a base, and FVE diverges from price and rises to cross the zero line from below, at a sharp angle. Conversely the crossing of the zero line from above is a bearish signal to liquidate positions or initiate a short trade. Trend Visualisation Optional: If the trend direction is DOWN the moving average is painted red. If the trend direction is UP the moving average is painted in green. If the movement is FLAT then the color is grey. Moving Averages Five different types of Moving Averages are available for both FVE and the optional moving average of the FVE. ALMA (Arnaud Legoux Moving Average) Average Value EMA (Exponential Moving Average) SMA (Simple Moving Average) WMA (Weighted Moving Average) Calculation Methods Since Markos Katsanos presented the first version of the FVE in April 2003. Since then there have been various adaptions and improvements on this indicator. The following are choosable for calculating the FVE: Thinkscript usethinkscript.com Linnsoft www.linnsoft.com Volatility Adapted traders.com

Finite Volume Elements (FVE) Backtest The FVE is a pure volume indicator. Unlike most of the other indicators (except OBV), price change doesn?t come into the equation for the FVE (price is not multiplied by volume), but is only used to determine whether money is flowing in or out of the stock. This is contrary to the current trend in the design of modern money flow indicators. The author decided against a price-volume indicator for the following reasons: - A pure volume indicator has more power to contradict. - The number of buyers or sellers (which is assessed by volume) will be the same, regardless of the price fluctuation. - Price-volume indicators tend to spike excessively at breakouts or breakdowns. You can change long to short in the Input Settings WARNING: - For purpose educate only - This script to change bars colors.

Finite Volume Elements (FVE) The FVE is a pure volume indicator. Unlike most of the other indicators (except OBV), price change doesn`t come into the equation for the FVE (price is not multiplied by volume), but is only used to determine whether money is flowing in or out of the stock. This is contrary to the current trend in the design of modern money flow indicators. The author decided against a price-volume indicator for the following reasons: - A pure volume indicator has more power to contradict. - The number of buyers or sellers (which is assessed by volume) will be the same, regardless of the price fluctuation. - Price-volume indicators tend to spike excessively at breakouts or breakdowns.